When assessing edema, what area should a nurse check first?

When assessing edema, the lower legs or ankles are often checked first because these areas are more susceptible to fluid accumulation due to gravity, especially in patients who are ambulatory or those who may be experiencing heart failure or venous insufficiency. Assessing the lower extremities provides critical information about the patient's overall fluid balance and circulatory status.

In many medical conditions that lead to edema, such as congestive heart failure, kidney disease, or prolonged immobility, fluid tends to accumulate in the dependent areas of the body. Checking the lower legs or ankles allows the nurse to evaluate whether the patient is experiencing peripheral edema, which is common and can indicate systemic issues. Furthermore, this area is easily accessible and practical for initially identifying changes in fluid status.

Other areas, while still important to assess for edema, such as the arms, abdomen, and face, typically do not provide as immediate and clear an indication of fluid retention. The lower legs or ankles serve as the most effective initial site for evaluating a patient's condition related to edema.